网络图源: Rishi Sunak apologised to the victims and confirmed they would be paid compensation.Sunak Apologizes After Damning Report on U.K. Infected-Blood Scandal
苏纳克就英国血液污染丑闻事件的谴责性报告发布后致歉
Prime Minister Rishi Sunak of Britain issued a stark apology on Monday to victims and families of one of the country’s worst health care failures after a damning report found that blood contaminations that killed 3,000 people and infected more than 30,000 others could have been largely avoided.一份措辞严厉的报告指出，英国的血液污染事件导致 3,000 人死亡，30,000 多人感染，而这场悲剧本可避免。针对该国历史上最严重的医疗卫生事故之一，英国首相里希·苏纳克 (Rishi Sunak) 在周一就此事向受害者及其家属郑重致歉。
stark /stɑːk/ adjective
Unpleasantly harsh or severe in manner or appearance; bare, desolate, or unrelieved. 严峻的, 惨淡的, 赤裸裸的damning /ˈdæmɪŋ/ adjectiveProviding evidence of guilt or wrongdoing; incriminating. 令人谴责的, 有罪的
"This is a day of shame for the British state", Mr. Sunak told lawmakers in the House of Commons, where he made a "wholehearted and unequivocal apology" for what he said were repeated failings by British officials.
“对于英国政府而言，这是耻辱的一天”，苏纳克在下议院向议员们表示，并就英国官员屡次失职的行为表达了“毫无保留且真诚道歉”。
The lower house of the British Parliament, which is elected by the people and has the power to make laws and approve taxes. unequivocal /ʌnɪˈkwɪvəkl/ adjectiveLeaving no doubt; clear and unambiguous. 明确的, 无疑的
“I am truly sorry,” he said, just hours after publication of a long-awaited report that identified a “catalog of failures” over two decades by government and medical officials in Britain, most of them avoidable errors that were then covered up.就在这份期待已久的报告公布数小时后，苏纳克说：“我真诚地向大家道歉”。该报告指出，在过去20年间，英国政府和医疗官员犯下了一连串原本可以避免的错误，并且这些错误在事后都被掩盖了。
a comprehensive list or collection of mistakes, problems, or shortcomings 这个短语描述了报告中列举的一系列政府和医疗官员在过去20年里犯下的错误和失败。"catalog"意味着这些失败被系统地记录和整理，构成了一个全面的清单。这凸显了问题的严重性和广泛性。在这个句子中，它突出了报告揭示的问题的严重程度。to conceal or hide something, often in order to prevent it from being discovered or made public这个短语动词表示这些错误和失败在发生后并没有被公开，而是被有意隐瞒和掩盖起来。这暗示着这些问题可能涉及一些不愿意被曝光的敏感信息或不当行为。在这个句子中，它突出了这些错误和失败并非是无心犯下的，而是被有意隐藏起来的。
The 2,000-page report is the product of a nearly six-year inquiry that the British government ordered in 2017 after decades of pressure from victims and their families.这份长达2000页的报告，是英国政府迫于受害者及其家属数十年的压力，于2017年下令展开的历时近6年的调查结果。网络图源: The victims and their relatives have had to wait decades for justice.“Today’s report shows a decades-long moral failure at the heart of our national life,” Mr. Sunak said. “At every level, the people and institutions in which we place our trust failed in the most harrowing and devastating way.”“今天的报告表明，我们国家生活的核心存在着长达数十年的道德败坏”，苏纳克说，“无论从哪个角度来看，我们所信赖的人员和机构都以最令人痛心和最具破坏性的方式辜负了我们的信任。”
decades-long 持续数十年的
lasting for many decades
这个短语形容某件事情持续了几十年之久，在这里指政府机构长期存在的道德失败问题。at all ranks or positions这个短语指在各个层级或阶层，在这里表示从底层到高层，各个层面的人和机构都存在问题。place our trust in 把信任放在…身上to believe that someone or something is reliable and will do what is expected of them在文中指的是工作人员和机构通常被认为是值得信赖的，但他们却在关键时刻辜负了这种信任。harrowing /ˈhærəʊɪŋ/ adjectiveExtremely upsetting or distressing; agonizing. 令人痛苦的, 令人极为难过的devastating /ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/ adjectivecausing severe or overwhelming damage or distress 毁灭性的, 极具破坏力的
He vowed that the government would pay “comprehensive compensation” to those infected and to their families but said details of those plans would be released Tuesday. He also promised that the government would study the report’s “wide-ranging recommendations” to avoid a repeat of the failures.
他发誓政府将向感染者及其家属支付"全面赔偿"，但计划的具体细节将于周二公布。他还保证政府将研究报告中"广泛的建议"，以避免重蹈覆辙。"
vowed (vow) /vaʊd/ verb
To make a determined decision or promise to do something. 发誓; 郑重承诺)
网络图源: Families affected by the infected blood scandal rally outside the Methodist Central Hall in London on Monday.
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The scandal has its roots in the 1970s and 1980s, when thousands of patients were exposed to the contaminated blood. Some required transfusions after accidents, surgery or complications during childbirth.
这起丑闻始于 20 世纪 70 年代和 80 年代，当时数千名患者接触到了受污染的血液。其中一些人在事故、手术或分娩并发症后需要输血。Many others were patients with hemophilia, a genetic condition that prevents blood from clotting properly. At the time, many of them were provided with a treatment derived from blood plasma called Factor VIII that provided the missing protein that hemophiliacs need for their blood to clot.还有许多人是血友病患者，这是一种遗传性疾病，会导致血液无法正常凝固。当时，许多血友病患者接受了一种名为“VIII 因子”（Factor VIII）的疗法，该疗法从血浆中提取，为血友病患者提供凝血所需的缺失蛋白质。The treatment was made using pools of plasma from thousands of donors, meaning that even a small number of tainted donations could contaminate an entire pool. (Later, synthetic clotting factor proteins were developed.)这种疗法使用来自数千名捐献者的血浆混合制成，这意味着即使有少量受污染的捐献也可能污染整个血浆库。(后来，人们开发出了合成的凝血因子蛋白。)The N.H.S. imported some of the Factor VIII from the United States, where many donations were from prisoners or drug users who had been paid to donate blood — elevating the risk of contamination with H.I.V. or hepatitis C.英国国家医疗服务体系 (NHS) 从美国进口了部分“VIII 因子”，而在美国，许多捐献血液的人都是囚犯或瘾君子，他们为了获取报酬而捐血 — 这就增加了感染艾滋病病毒或丙型肝炎病毒的风险。For years, British government and health authorities insisted that the infections were inadvertent, that patients received the best available care, and that screening for hepatitis C could not have been introduced any earlier.多年来，英国政府和卫生当局一直坚称，这些感染是无意的，患者接受的是当时最好的治疗，而且在当时也无法更早地开展丙型肝炎筛查。
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